ZOONOSES ARE COMMON AND TREATABLE CAUSE OF MYALGIC ENCEPHALOMYELITIS/ CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME (ME/CFS). Study of 392 cases confirmed by direct visualization of Babesia, Bartonella, Borrelia and Mycoplasma in blood and clinical improvement with antimicrobial treatment.

Description

RESULTS.

A total of 392 PBS received between 2024 and 2026 met the inclusion criteria. In 383 of them (97.7%) at least one pathogenic microorganism was identified in capillary blood by light microscopy. Patients came mainly from Europe (79%), as well as North America (13%: 12% USA and 1% Canada), Australia (4%), Asia (3%: Russia and Turkey) and South Africa (1%). Table 1 shows the pathogenic microorganisms identified and their percentages, calculated on the total of 392 smears.

The two most frequently identified microorganisms were the Babesia parasite in 77.3% of cases (303/392), followed by Bartonella bacteria in 67.3% (264/392).

This was followed by hemotrophic Mycoplasmas bacteria (some of which were observed adhering to the erythrocyte membrane) with 32.9% (in 129 out of 392), followed by Borrelia in 30.9% (121/392).

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CONCLUSIONS:

ØIn 97.7% of patients evaluated with ME/CFS, bacterial, parasites, and/or fungal infections were confirmed by direct visualization by capillary PBS microscopic, which contrasts sharply with prevalence rates in the general asymptomatic population (less than 5%).
ØThe most frequently identified pathogenic microorganisms were Babesia, Bartonella, Mycoplasma, and Borrelia, so we can affirm that persistent infections by these hemopathogens are the frequent cause of ME/CFS in patients from Europe and North America.
ØCo-infections were common, with 77% of patients having 2 or more coexisting infections. The most frequent co-infection was Babesia and Bartonella.
ØThe PBS performed by an experienced professional, is a test that should be done on all patients with ME/CFS. This is in addition to molecular tests and other tests for the specific detection of hemopathogens.                      

Authors

DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20769054

Publication Date: 2026-01-08

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