The aims of this article is to investigate the manifestations of national and spiritual awakening ideas in the creative works of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh, and to analyze the artistic reflection of society's social, cultural, and ideological problems within his aesthetics of critical realism. Simultaneously, the study aims to determine the impact of the educational and democratic perspectives formed by the author within the “Molla Nasraddin” literary environment on the process of national self-awareness. It further intends to provide a scholarly interpretation of the presentation of issues such as language, religion, education, women's liberation, and social justice in his works.
Furthermore, based on Mirza Jalil’s dramatic and prose examples, the article systematically analyzes the interrelationship between national identity, the ideology of Azerbaijanism, and universal human values. It concludes by assessing the contemporary relevance of his literary heritage and its enduring influence on public discourse.
Methodology: In this study, a combination of literary-critical, biographical, historical-comparative, and scholarly-philological methods has been utilized to conduct the research
Novelty: The article provides a systematic analysis of Jalil Mammadguluzadeh’s oeuvre within the context of national-spiritual awakening, substantiating the interplay between national identity, language, enlightenment, and social critique through a novel scholarly approach. Simultaneously, the Molla Nasraddin literary milieu is evaluated as an ideological platform instrumental in the formation of national consciousness.
Results: Jalil Mammadguluzadeh’s work demonstrates how critical realism and satire can expose social problems, promote public enlightenment, and foster national awakening. His enduring legacy centers on national identity, the mother tongue, freedom, and justice, while the Molla Nasraddin literary movement significantly contributed to the development of Azerbaijani national consciousness
Publication Date: 2026-06-19