Neutrino oscillations represent one of the most important discoveries in modern particle physics and provide direct evidence that neutrinos possess non-zero masses and undergo flavor transformations during propagation. Within the Standard Model framework, neutrino oscillations are described through the Pontecorvo–Maki–Nakagawa–Sakata (PMNS) mixing matrix, which relates flavor eigenstates to mass eigenstates. Although this formalism successfully explains solar, atmospheric, reactor, and accelerator neutrino experiments, the fundamental origin of neutrino masses, flavor mixing, and oscillation dynamics remains an open question. The existence of neutrino oscillations therefore points toward physics beyond the original Standard Model. Unified Fractal Quantum Field Theory (UFQFT) proposes an alternative interpretation in which neutrinos are not fundamental particles but stable resonance configurations emerging from coupled energy (Φ) and charge (Ψ) fields embedded within a critical fractal spacetime characterized by an effective dimension near (D= 2.7). In this framework, neutrino oscillations arise from resonance mixing, geometric overlap between resonance states, and fractal phase evolution during propagation. Flavor transitions are interpreted as resonance transformations rather than oscillations between fundamental mass eigenstates. In this work, a comprehensive UFQFT description of neutrino oscillations is developed and compared with the conventional PMNS formalism. A resonance-mixing framework is introduced to describe electron-, muon-, and tau-neutrino transformations, and oscillation probabilities are derived from geometric resonance overlap and phase evolution in fractal spacetime. The model is applied to solar neutrino observations, atmospheric neutrino measurements, reactor experiments, and long-baseline accelerator studies. Particular attention is given to the experimental programs of DUNE and Hyper-Kamiokande, which provide powerful opportunities for testing resonance-based predictions. The analysis investigates whether the observed neutrino oscillation phenomenology can emerge naturally from resonance dynamics while preserving agreement with current experimental data. The results suggest that neutrino flavor transitions may be interpreted as manifestations of resonance geometry and fractal phase evolution, providing a unified framework connecting particle mixing, spacetime structure, and resonance dynamics. This study constitutes a key component of the UFQFT Standard Model Validation Program and establishes the theoretical foundation for future investigations of leptonic CP violation, matter–antimatter asymmetry, and the role of neutrinos in cosmology.
Publication Date: 2026-06-18