This document describes a machine that produces a Bose--Einstein condensate (BEC) in a cyclical manner, analogous to an automatic ice-maker, but made of atomic matter in its quantum degenerate state. The machine implements a five-step hierarchy: feeding of bosonic atoms, evaporative cooling to critical temperature, adiabatic compression of the formed BEC, a short hold period for stabilisation, and finally rotational expansion to simultaneously grow the condensate volume and reset the trap for the next injection of raw material. By employing exponential feeding -- feeding an amount of thermal atoms equal to the current condensate population each cycle -- and operating at the physical limits of atom-loading flux, evaporative efficiency, and trap-switching speed, the machine reaches the target density of $4.94 \times 10^{16} \text{ cm}^{-3}$ for ${}^{87}\text{Rb}$ in only 17 cycles, with a total run time of approximately 85 ms. At this density the interaction energy density of the BEC matches the black-body radiation energy density at room temperature (300 K), thereby balancing environmental thermal fluctuations and rendering the condensate robust against decoherence. The design pushes the edge of present-day technology but is composed entirely of subsystems already demonstrated in state-of-the-art cold-atom experiments.
Publication Date: 2026-06-14