Precision farming has emerged as an innovative agricultural management approach that integrates advanced technologies to improve productivity, profitability, and environmental sustainability. Among these technologies, the Global Positioning System (GPS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) play a major role in site-specific crop management and precision agriculture. GPS provides accurate spatial positioning, while GIS enables the collection, storage, analysis, and visualization of spatial and non-spatial agricultural data. The integration of GPS and GIS technologies allows farmers to monitor field variability, optimize input application, improve irrigation management, reduce environmental pollution, and enhance crop productivity. Precision farming supported by geospatial technologies contributes significantly to sustainable agricultural development by conserving natural resources and increasing production efficiency. This chapter discusses the concepts, components, working principles, applications, advantages, and limitations of GPS and GIS technologies in precision farming. It also highlights recent innovations, case studies, and future prospects of geospatial technologies in sustainable agriculture. The chapter concludes that GPS and GIS-based precision farming can revolutionize modern agriculture by supporting data-driven decision-making and promoting climate-resilient and resource-efficient farming systems.
Publication Date: 2026-05-30