Termitomyces microcarpus (Berk. & Broome) R. Heim is a wild edible mushroom belonging to the family
Lyophyllaceae and is well known for its obligate mutualistic association with termites of the subfamily
Macrotermitinae. This species is widely distributed across tropical regions of Asia and Africa and plays significant
ecological, nutritional, medicinal, and socioeconomic roles. The present communication reviews the taxonomic
status, morphology, food value, ethnomedicinal applications, and ecological significance of T. microcarpus. The
mushroom is highly valued as a nutritious food source due to its rich content of proteins, dietary fibre, essential
amino acids, vitamins, minerals, and bioactive compounds. Traditional communities utilize it for the treatment of
fever, colds, fungal infections, and other ailments, indicating its ethnopharmacological importance. Ecologically, T.
microcarpus contributes to the decomposition of lignocellulosic materials, nutrient cycling, soil enrichment, and
maintenance of forest ecosystem productivity through its symbiotic relationship with termites. Additionally, it serves
as a source of income and food security for rural and tribal populations. Despite its importance, the species remains
largely dependent on natural habitats and lacks established cultivation techniques. Further research on its bioactive
constituents, conservation, domestication, and commercial cultivation may enhance its sustainable utilization and
contribute to livelihood development and food security in forest-dependent communities.
Publication Date: 2026-06-13